Websites Cited in Opinions

This archive provides the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit's opinions from 2008 to 2015 that cite internet addresses (URLs).

For opinions from 2016 onward, PDFs of cited websites are available through PACER case dockets.

Website content may have changed between the court’s last visit and the time of archiving. 

Submit corrections by emailing webmaster@lb9.uscourts.gov.

• This information is provided as a public service. The United States Courts do not control or guarantee the accuracy, relevance, timeliness, or completeness of external information. These documents and websites do not necessarily reflect the opinions, standards, or policies of the United States Courts, and the links are not intended to endorse any views, products, services, or organizations. Copyright for archived material remains with the original authors and publishers. Authors of copyrighted material linked in this archive may request link removal by contacting webmaster@lb9.uscourts.gov.